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My First Blog Post

Be yourself; Everyone else is already taken.

— Oscar Wilde.

This is the first post on my new blog. I’m just getting this new blog going, so stay tuned for more.

This blog is all about healthcare for students, doctors and common people. It will have simple information to common people to more recent updates for students and doctors. We also plan to provide Free test series for NEET PG.

Subscribe below to get notified when I post new updates.

Moses sign

Moses sign is also called Bancroft’s sign.

It is sign of Deep vein Thrombosis. It is neither sensitive nor specific.

How to do Moses Sign?

Hold the calf muscles and compress from side to side and then forwards against Tibia. If patient winces of pain while compressing against tibia and no pain while compressing side to side, then the sign is positive

Other signs of Deep Vein Thrombosis

  • Homan sign
  • Lowenberg sign

No need MRI ; No need CT ; The new Seismic Brain imaging

Yeah. You read it correct. For years, scientists have been trying to find an alternative to CT and MRI to image brain. But why? Aren’t they the most superior imaging technologies?And what is the newer alternative that can replace MRI and CT? Read this article.

Difficulties with MRI

picture of MRI machine
source: Flickr

Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is generally the best method for obtaining high-resolution images of the brain, and its use is currently essential to the investigation of many neurological disorders including stroke, brain cancer, and brain injury. Then why need an alternative technology? Because, MRI requires large, complex, expensive, non-portable machines cooled to three degrees above absolute zero, and it cannot be used on patients for whom the presence of metallic implants or foreign bodies cannot be ruled out. This makes emergency use in patients with potentially altered consciousness, such as those suspected of stroke, difficult or impossible.

Seismic brain imaging

Scientists have developed a new computational technique that could lead to fast, finely detailed brain imaging with a compact device that uses only sound waves.

The Imperial College London and UCL researchers say their proof-of-concept study, published in npj Digital Medicine, paves the way for the development of high-fidelity clinical imaging of the human brain that could be superior to existing technology.

Unlike existing brain imaging methods like MRI, CT and PET scanning, the technology could be applied to imaging any patient, and could be suitable for the continuous monitoring of high-dependency patients. It could be delivered by a relatively small device, which would also potentially make it portable via ambulance and enable fast investigation in advance of arrival to hospital.

The researchers are confident the technology will be safe as sound waves are already used for ultrasound scanning and this technology uses similar sound intensities. Ultrasound cannot easily penetrate through bone, whereas the new device, which is designed to be worn like a helmet, is able to overcome this barrier. The new approach is of special value in patients investigated for stroke – the second commonest cause of death and commonest cause of adult neurological disability – where rapid, universally applicable, high-fidelity imaging is essential.

“An imaging technique that has already revolutionised one field – seismic imaging – now has the potential to revolutionise another – brain imaging.”

 Dr Lluís Guasch, of Imperial’s Department of Earth Science and Engineering

Transcending Technology

Earth scientists use seismic data and a computational technique called full waveform inversion (FWI) to map the inside of the earth. Seismic data from earthquake detectors (seismometers) are plugged into FWI algorithms that extract 3D images of the Earth’s crust that can be used to predict earthquakes and search for reservoirs of oil and gas.

Seismic brain imaging technology
Source : Imperial college london

Now Imperial researchers have adapted this approach to medical imaging, developing a method that uses sound waves with the ultimate aim of producing high-resolution images of the brain.

They built a helmet lined with an array of acoustic transducers that each sends sound waves through the skull. The ultrasound energy that propagates through the head is recorded and fed via the helmet into a computer. FWI is then used to analyse the reverberations of the sound throughout the skull, constructing a 3D image of the interior.

Prototype helmet of Seismic brain imaging
source : ICL

The researchers tested their helmet on a healthy volunteer and found that the quality of the recorded signals was sufficient for the algorithm to generate a detailed image, and they are confident the scattered energy from the brain will be interpretable.

Using computer modelling, they also found they could obtain high-resolution images with sound frequencies low enough to penetrate the skull at safe intensities.

“The practicalities of MRI will always limit its applicability, especially in the acute setting, where timely intervention has the greatest impact. Neurology has been waiting for a new, universally applicable imaging modality for decades: full-waveform inversion could well be the answer.“

MUST READ…….

Technology and Medicine

Technology is changing everyday. Infact the apt word will be EVOLVING. They evolve at a faster rate. We are amidst the 4th industrial revolution or we can better say TECHNOLOGY REVOLUTION. New imaging technology has improved diagnostic medicine easier and more precise. Integrating medicine and technology has become a game changer in saving lives. One…

Do you know that your medicines are Non-Vegetarian?

Have your ever wondered what the medicine capsules we take are made of? What about your dietary habits? Are you a vegan or non-vegan? Can we classify drugs as vegetarian and Non-Vegetarian drugs? Read this article to know clear your doubts. What is a capsule? What is made up of? Capsule is a form of…

Recent Advances in medicine 2020

With the knowledge booming each day, there are lots of new technologies being invented and helping the mankind. Medical sciences will be a never ending field. Modern day Medicine aims at individualized treatment. Here are some of the recent advances that will improve patient care. 1. Dual-acting osteoporosis drug Romosozumab is the first drug for…

Technology and Medicine

Technology is changing everyday. Infact the apt word will be EVOLVING. They evolve at a faster rate. We are amidst the 4th industrial revolution or we can better say TECHNOLOGY REVOLUTION. New imaging technology has improved diagnostic medicine easier and more precise. Integrating medicine and technology has become a game changer in saving lives. One among the trending technologies is Virtual reality(VR). In this article, lets see how VR technology can give hand to improve patient’s pain.

Virtual Reality and pain

Virtual reality allows the user an escape from real life with immersive sound, life-like visuals, and interactive, gesture-based interaction.

The International Association for the Study of Pain defines pain as “an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage, or described in terms of such damage”.

Virtual reality for pain relief dates back as far as the late 1990s when University of Washington researchers Hunter Hoffman and David Patterson developed a game called SnowWorld, in which players throw snowballs at penguins while navigating a snowy environment. A 2011 study showed a 35- to 50-percent reduction in pain in burn victims who played the game while receiving daily wound care, a level comparable to the effects of a medium dose of opioids. In another study, VR decreased the amount of opioid medication requested from patients by an astonishing 39 percent.

Do you wonder how?

Answer is : The gate control theory of pain. It asserts that non-painful input closes the nerve “gates” to painful input, which prevents pain sensation from traveling to the central nervous system. When it hurts somewhere on your body, you tend to rub that part with your hand. This non painful closes the nerve gates that transmits pain. Wanna dig deeper? Come on.

Pain evolving stimulus are called Nociceptive stimul. Pain is carried by small nerve fibres called A(delta) and C fibres. The pain is carried via these fibres to the dorsal horn and from there to the brain. Stimulus other than that elicits pain (eg. Pressure, touch) are called non nociceptive stimulus. They are carried by the larger A(beta) fibres. In the spinal cord, there are two cells. 1). Transmission cells 2) Inhibitory interneuron. The inhibitory interneuron is activated by A(beta) fibres and acts as a gate that doesn’t allow the pain to be carried to the brain by the transmission cell. Thus non nociceptive stimulus via inhibitory interneurons prevents Nociceptive stimulus from reaching the brain thus relieving pain.

Source: Wikipedia

Solutions offered by VR

While it’s evident that virtual reality can offer an alleviating distraction from periods of temporary pain, such as during a blood draw or childbirth, it’s somewhat impractical for those experiencing chronic pain to continuously be wearing a VR headset.

Companies such as Los Angeles-based AppliedVR believe that VR can also be used as a tool to teach people to manage their pain in the real world. AppliedVR’s platform takes pain relief beyond mere distraction by offering immersive content on breathing techniques, mindfulness, and relaxation. Some of their modules even incorporate heart rate and breathing data to provide live, personalized feedback to the user. By teaching pain management techniques that can be used independently of the headset, users experience how truly powerful one’s mind can be in responding to pain.

VR headset as a painkiller!

Virtual reality alone may not solve the opioid crisis, but its non-invasive, non-addictive nature and increasing quantity of positive scientific evidence make it a promising and attractive therapy for pain relief. Moreover, as VR continues to become more mainstream, its hardware costs will decrease, making the technology more accessible to patients in need of pain relief. Perhaps a VR headset will someday occupy a spot next the bottle of aspirin in the medicine cabinet.

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Moses sign

Moses sign is also called Bancroft’s sign. It is sign of Deep vein Thrombosis. It is neither sensitive nor specific. How to do Moses Sign? Hold the calf muscles and compress from side to side and then forwards against Tibia. If patient winces of pain while compressing against tibia and no pain while compressing side…

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Do you know that your medicines are Non-Vegetarian?

Have your ever wondered what the medicine capsules we take are made of? What about your dietary habits? Are you a vegan or non-vegan? Can we classify drugs as vegetarian and Non-Vegetarian drugs? Read this article to know clear your doubts.

What is a capsule? What is made up of?

Capsule is a form of dosage form in medication which is common in our day-to-day health management. Capsule shell can be divided into vegetarian and non-vegetarian origin on the basis of their origin. Gelatin capsule shell are typically of animal origin and HPMC or starch based shells are of vegetarian origin. They are generally derived from hydrolysis of collagen (acid, alkaline, enzymatic, or thermal hydrolysis) from animal origin or cellulose based respectively.

Doctor, i need pure vegetarian medicines!

What can be more important than the life of a patient? Many of the medical products are of nonvegetarian origin, for example, hormonal products, heparin, insulin, antiserum, and human cell line-derived products. What if the choice is left to the individuals?

  • Patient: I am a pure vegetarian, doctor? Please give me only vegetarian drugs.
  • Doctor : You are dying my boy. This drug can save your life. We don’t have alternative.

What option does the patient have? Will he choose to die or accept the medications? Also such kind of choices may lead to delay which may sometimes cost life. So, choice cannot be left to the patient.

Can we have such vegan or non-vegan classification only for non life saving drugs? Is there a definite criteria for life saving drugs? There is no such criteria. Depending on patient’s condition, even an ordinary drug may become lifesaving. Hence, vegetarian versus nonvegetarian distinction in case of drugs was rejected by the law.

Which is better? Non vegan gelatin capsule or vegan HPMC capsule?

For gelatin shells, collagens of mammals are preferred compared to collagen of lower animals due to more stability of the former. The stability of gelatin is highest between pH 4 and 7.

Both hard and soft capsule shells can be prepared from gelatin. Presence of 12%–16% moisture is essential for maintaining the integrity of gelatin hard capsule shell. Dissolution of both types of capsule shell was similar in water, whereas acidic environment (pH 1.2) and cations (K+/PO4 buffer) hinder HPMC capsule shell opening

HPMC hard shells are less dependent on moisture content for integrity and thus cells are resistant to breakage even in dry conditions. HPMC shells are less hygroscopic and so moisture transfer to encapsulated material is low which are great advantages for the improved stability of the medicinal product in capsules. Another advantage of HPMC shell is polar and hygroscopic solvents in the fill formulations are less likely to migrate to capsule shell or interact with shell material. Limitation of HPMC capsule shell is higher oxygen permeability due to looseness in its structure, which can damage oxygen sensitive compounds. Inclusion of an anti-oxidant in the fill formulation or packaging the capsule into an oxygen-resistant configuration such as blister package with aluminum foil may prevent this oxidative damage.

Gelatin contains all essential elements with the exception of tryptophan and cysteine. Tryptophan is essential for bacterial growth, and lack of tryptophan prevents microbial growth.

Moisture range outside 12%–16% in hard gelatin shell can be detrimental to the shell. If the moisture content decreases, the capsule shell becomes brittle and it is more prone to breakage. On the other hand, a capsule shell deforms and becomes sticky in the presence of high moisture content.

Another risk factor is transmissible spongiform encepahopathy. They are a group of slowly progressive, invariably fatal, prion diseases mainly affecting the central nervous system of mammals including humans and cattle. Since the raw material for gelatin capsule is collagen from cattles, there is a risk of TSE. To prevent this, raw materials are taken only from Non-BSE ( Bovine spongiform encepahopathy) countries.

Gelatin capsules are being used worldwide for the past 100 years with known safety and toxicity profile. Gelatin is easily available from hydrolysis of collagen whereas manufacturing of HPMC is a synthetic process. Raw materials for gelatin are readily available in the market which can fulfill the requirement of industries in India whereas raw materials for non-gelatin are quite less available and hence they are four times costlier than their gelatin counterpart.

Conclusion – Life is beyond anything else.

We can see that both gelatin and nongelatin capsules are comparable in toxicity. However, lower moisture content, low hygroscopicity, physical stability, stability in different ranges of temperature and humidity are advantages that favor the use of nongelatin capsules. But, to keep in mind is that gelatin is an age-old technology with proven safety record. Manufacturing easiness, easily available raw material, and low cost are advantages of gelatin capsules.

Remember that medicine should not be treated as food articles and is independent of these thoughts or boundaries to save life of patients.

Reference : Article from Indian Journal of pharmacology – https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5830853/#!po=9.72222

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NEET PG – MEDICINE CNS Mock Test 2

Hi friends! We have been helping you in NEET PG 2021 Preparation by providing you with completely FREE NEET PG ONLINE Test series. Here we will brush up some facts on Neurology and go with the test series.

Glasgow coma Scale

Please know this completely before going to exam! Lot of questions circle around this concept in neurlogy just like Gravida, para and LMP in Obstetrics.

The GCS has three components

  • Eye opening
  • Verbal response
  • Motor response

Eye opening (E)

  • Spontaneous – 4
  • To speech – 3
  • To pressure – 2
  • None – 1

Verbal response (V)

  • Oriented – 5
  • Confused – 4
  • Incomprehensible words – 3
  • Incomprehensible sounds – 2
  • None – 1

Best motor response (M)

  • Obeys command/ spontaneous limb Movements – 6
  • Localizing pain – 5
  • Withdrawal to pain( flexion) – 4
  • Abnormal flexion (decorticate posture) – 3
  • Abnormal extension (decerebrate posture) – 2
  • None – 1

Maximum score – 15

Minimum score – 3

Important Update : Glasgow coma scale – P

The GCS-P is calculated by subtracting the pupil reactivity score (PRS) from the GCS total score.

GCS-P = GCS (minus ) PRS

Pupil reactivity score is calculated as follows.

  • Both pupils unreactive to light – 2
  • One pulil unreactive to light – 1
  • Both pupils are reactive to light – 0

Kernohan woltman Sign

It is seen in uncal herniation i.e. impaction of medial temporal gyrus into tentorial opening just anterior to and adjacent to the midbrain. This results in ipsilateral third nerve palsy and Ipsilateral hemiplegia. This is called kernohan woltman sign.

Binswanger’s disease

Also called Subcortical leukoencephalopathy and Subcortical arteriosclerotic Encephalopathy (SAE). The salient features are:

  • Association with Hypertension
  • Vascular dementia
  • Pyramidal signs due to White matter atrophy.
  • Parkinsonian rigidity can also be seen.
  • CT scan – b/l leukoaraiosis (Ischemic demyelination)

Neurology Mock Test 2

Having brushed up few important concepts, now its time to take up your test. All these questions are no wonder taken from Recent MCQs.

Sharp your mind, Turn on your memory. Here we go!

https://forms.gle/mmpYttfBcT8UqaKm9

All the best! Keep spreading the word.

NEET PG FREE ONLINE TEST SERIES 2021

Medicine CNS Mock Test

Hello Friends! We have been presenting you with free mock tests on NEET PG preparation. We have been uploading a short test daily. Today we are going to work on the most frowned topic – CNS.

We have divided the topic into many sections and today’s test will be from Epilepsy and Seizures. Refresh your knowledge and take this test. These are all questions from recent MCQs. So dont miss this chance to improve your knowledge.

https://forms.gle/Y1zeAgGwYqU8Q3Fv8

If you want to have the question paper offline, you can download it from the link below.

Take these Tests too!

“The more you share, the more you have”.

unknown

Share this test series with your friends and support our initiative to provide FREE NEET PG Test Series.

All the Best friends. Stay subscribed for more Free Tests.

Say Bye-Bye to insulin injections; Oral capsules are soon to be available in markets😃

There are estimated 72.96 million cases of diabetes in adult population of India. Nearly half a billion people worldwide suffer from diabetes. Some are under oral anti diabetic drugs. For others, the worst part is the repeated insulin injections one has to take. Because, as of now, insulin is avaliable only in injection form and as an inhaler.

One company just took a huge step towards a much-anticipated and much patient comfortable alternative: an Insulin capsule.  

Oramed Pharmaceuticals Inc. (Nasdaq/TASE: ORMP), a clinical-stage pharmaceutical company focused on the development of oral drug delivery systems has announced unprecedented topline data from the second and final cohort of its Phase 2b trial evaluating the efficacy and safety, at lower dose regimens, of its lead oral insulin capsule, ORMD-0801. 

While many huge corporations have spent millions of dollars trying to create an oral insulin pill, none have succeeded so far. This new development, which signals the first commercial oral insulin capsulefor the treatment of type 2 and type 1 diabetes, might be the game-changer that revolutionizes the treatment of diabetes.  

Have you ever wondered why insulin is available only as injections?

How much Pain, inconvenience, visible scars and dependence on using insulin injections!😐. Developing an oral insulin formulation has been impossible, because of  degradation and factors affecting absorbance. Since insulin is a protein, the body’s digestive enzymes break it down when taken orally. This leads to what is called poor oral bioavailability.

How the company faced the challenge?

The company uses enteric coating and special protection which allows the insulin to stay intact through the GI tract and reach the intestinal wall. With the use of special absorption enhancers, the insulin can pass through the intestinal wall and into the liver. It mimics the natural path of insulin in the body, by heading to the liver first.

Thanks to the researchers, soon we are going to have oral insulin capsules😃.

Stay infomed. Subscribe to our site.

NEET PG MEDICINE Test Series 2021

Welcome to our carefully researched, perfectly organized NEET PG online test series improvised with recent updates. We have been providing the students with free study material for their NEET PG 2021 preparation.

Medicine Cardiology Mock Test

Every question is selected From the recent MCQs from AIIMS, PGI, NEET and JIPMER. The answers are referred from Harrison 19th and 20th edition, CMDT 2018 and 2019, API Textbook of medicine. This test series is organized in parts. More chapterwise and topic wise tests will be made available for your benefit.

Why it is free?

Sharing knowledge along with motivation is the best way to educate students

Keval karia

We are trying to help all the budding doctors out there in providing free materials and test series. Considering the high cost of medical education and with increasing paid series, we try to offer helping hand to all our junior Students. Kindly support our initiative and spread the word to help your friends.

Ready to take Test?

Here is the link. Click on the link. It’s totally free. No registration required. You can see the answers immediately after the test. We provide you with clear Explanations to all the questions.

https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSfLH8pIbAOQPoZcCa98ZqaQMJ3SmQTNLixix6_B9IqXfTN4rA/viewform

All the best friends! 😊

Image based questions in NEET PG 2021

Image based questions test a student in various levels. These are questions mixed with other questions and are from different subjects. Such type of questions are increasing in recent examinations.

What type of images can be asked as questions?

The Questions can be in the form of

  • Spot Diagnosis (Identifying a particular Muscle, Ligament ….)
  • Identifying a particular Surgical Instrument   (Forceps…)
  • Identifying a disease ( CXR of Lung Mass)
  • Correlation Questions ( The muscle in Diagram Performs which Function at Shoulder joint)
  • Identifying A particular Abnormality (Knock knees)
  • Identifying congenital Syndromes  (Based on Particular Developmental Defect)
  • Identifying a Histopathological Slide
  • Recognizing Microanatomical Features (Type of Epithelium in a slide)
  • Any Question relevant to Diagram  (Area A in Figure corresponds to …)
  • Radiological Images of USG, CT , MRI with Question as Foot note

How to prepare for image based questions?

A fundamental Knowledge of all subjects is important. The student needs to have a real clinical sense.

Go through the images of Standard Texts thoroughly.

Images of Atlases of Histology, Anatomy, Pathology, Surgery, ENT, Orthopedics, Radiological images with diseases.

Difores Alas of Histology, Grants Atlas of Anatomy, Images from Robbins, Sabiston, Harrisons Medicine, Cecil Medicine, Davidson’s Medicine, BD Chaurasia  can help in a long way.

Dont worry. Here we are to help you in preparing image based questions. We have picked recent image based questions from NEET PG, JIPMER, AIIMS and incorporated in our test series for FREE to help you.

Image based questions in medicine

We present to you our first image based test series on Medicine Cardiology

Take this opportunity to test your knowledge and learn from the mistakes. Practice practice practice. This is the key to success.

Click this link and take your test for FREE. https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSf4Y8DrgM_4kFra6T7aRJKMcBQ8vjL1SZnHuj6138QcSJXaBA/viewform

When you want to go fast, go alone

When you want to go farther, go together

African proverb

Kindly share with your friends and grow together.

Stay subscribed for more updates from us.

All the best!😊

FREE Online NEET PG 2021 Test Series

MEDICINE ENDOCRINOLGY Mock Test 1

In the last post, we presented you with a FREE test series from MEDICINE KIDNEY chapter. Hope that was helpful. If you have not yet attended that test, here is the link for you => https://forms.gle/TfqNeBVHoUPxHYeK7

Kindly let us know your feedback through comments. Share with your friends.

Today, we take immense pleasure in presenting you with FREE Test from MEDICINE ENDOCRINOLOGY chapter.

The high yielding topic in Endocrinology is DIABETES MELLITUS. There are estimated 72.96 million cases of diabetes in adult population of India. So Update your knowledge on this topic.

The questions are well researched and selected from the recent MCQs of JIPMER, AIIMS and NEET. We are awaiting to see your responses.

Fail hard; Fail fast.

only then you can learn from failure

START THE TEST NOW =>https://forms.gle/eBWVcfhf5QSbxVCV8

You can also download the question paper here =>

Give your feedbacks for us to provide you better resources.

Need some preparation tips? click here https://thrikadugam.design.blog/2020/02/28/neet-pg-2021-preparation-tips/

Stay tuned. All the BEST!

NEET PG 2021 PREPARATION TIPS

If you are reading this article you are already on your way to success. You already have started your journey. All you need is a clear vision to reach your goal and this article will serve that purpose.

What books to read?

The following books are recommended by large number of successful students and faculties to prepare for NEET PG:

AnatomyRajesh KaushalMCQ book by Dr. Raviraj
PhysiologyDr. Souman MannaDr. Krishna Kumar
Biochemistry Rebecca James
PharmacologyGobind Rai Garg and Sparsh GuptaRanjan Patel
PathologySparsh GuptaDevesh Mishra
MicrobiologyRachna ChaurasiaApurba Sastry
Forensic MedicineArvind Arora
MedicineDeepak MarwahMudit Khanna
SurgeryPritesh SinghSRB
PSMVivek Jain
OBS and GynaeSakshi Arora
ENTManisha Sinha and Sachin Budhiraja
OphthalmologyAK KhuranaRuchi Rai
PediatricsTaruna Mehra
OrthopedicsApurv Mehra
DermatologySaurabh Jindal
AnesthesiaProAfs by Vivek Jain
RadiologyRajat Jain
PsychiatryPraveen Tripathi
Image-BasedPHOTON or Final Edge

How to read?

Make a study plan that works well for you. You may be an owl at the night or an early morning reader. Read when your mind is ready to grasp.

  • Conceptual learning will pay you more than rote memorizing. Focus more on areas of high yield.
  • Make notes of important concepts on the side of the book you are reading. This will engage you into the content and make you retain the content longer.
  • Teach to your friends. Teaching is the best method to retain concepts. It will give you and your friend a win-win situation.
  • Practice more questions. We can help you in that by providing free online test series categorized subjestwise and chapterwise.
  • Stay healthy. Hydrate yourself and eat healthy.
  • Don’t compromise on sleep. Sleep helps you consolidate your memory. You read to retain right. Then have enough sleep.
  • Have a study plan of your own. Allot more time for major subjects.
  • Take Harrison book. Okay, cool down. Just go through all the pictures in the book.
  • Go through all the medical and surgical devices we use in hospital like defibrillator, catheter, dialysis machine, etc.
All the best

Lot more updates and test series are to come. Stay subscribed😊

Recent Advances in medicine 2020

With the knowledge booming each day, there are lots of new technologies being invented and helping the mankind. Medical sciences will be a never ending field. Modern day Medicine aims at individualized treatment. Here are some of the recent advances that will improve patient care.

1. Dual-acting osteoporosis drug

Romosozumab is the first drug for osteoporosis that has a dual effect to both increase bone formation and decrease bone resorption. In a clinical trial published in the New England Journal of Medicine, women with postmenopausal osteoporosis who received romosozumab had a 50% reduced risk of spine fracture and a 38% reduced risk of hip fracture compared with those who took standard anti-resorption therapy (alendronate).

2. Expanded use of minimally invasive mitral valve surgery

Minimally invasive surgery for mitral valve repair was introduced in 2013. The procedure involves an innovative transcatheter device that was FDA approved to repair the mitral valve in individuals with primary mitral regurgitation (MR) who aren’t eligible for open heart surgery.

But, in March, the FDA broadened the device’s approval to also include patients with MR as a result of an enlarged left ventricle, known as secondary MR. These are patients in whom optimal medical therapy failed to relieve their symptoms.

3. First-ever treatment for transthyretin amyloid cardiomyopathy

Transthyretin amyloid cardiomyopathy is a progressive and potentially fatal disease in which amyloid fibrils, composed of misfolded transthyretin protein, deposit in the walls of the heart’s left ventricle. These deposits stiffen the muscle, which eventually leads to heart failure.

But a newly developed compound, tafamidis, binds to transthyretin to prevent misfolding of the deposited protein. In a high-profile clinical trial, patients on tafamidis had 30% lower all-cause mortality as well as a lower rate of cardiovascular-related hospitalizations compared with similar patients on placebo

4. Closed-loop spinal cord stimulation

Conventional spinal cord stimulation works by sending electric impulses along the spinal column through an implanted spinal cord stimulator, reducing the pain signals that reach the brain. However, each patient is prescribed a fixed dose of stimulation, which doesn’t take the individual’s movement into account, limiting its effectiveness.

Now, researchers have developed closed-loop spinal cord stimulation, which gets feedback from the patient’s own spinal cord. The closed-loop system uses a stimulator that’s able to communicate in real time with spinal cord neurons and modulate the dose of stimulation accordingly. It’s the first such system to measure the spinal cord’s response to stimulation and adjust each pulse according to the patient’s activity.

5. Biologics in orthopedic repair

People who’ve torn their anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) have a 20% chance of re-tearing it again. Now, researchers hope for better long-term results using the patient’s own biologics—cells, blood components, growth factors, and other natural substances—to promote better healing and decrease inflammation in orthopedic injuries.

In conventional ACL repair, the torn ligament is replaced with autologous tissue. The new technique—known as bridge-enhanced ACL repair (BEAR)—uses a sponge injected with biologic factors in combination with the patient’s own blood. This acts as a scaffold to stimulate healing of the ACL, preserving the tissue instead of cutting it.

Other potential uses of biologics for orthopedic repair include its use in rotator cuff injuries and as an anti-infective coating for implant devices

Stay tuned for more updates😊

NEET PG online test series FREE MEDICINE KIDNEY mock test 1

Learning is not reading.

Learning is applying. Learning is practicing

Here is an initiative from us to make your preparation better with a little help from us . We would like to offer you the completely free online NEET PG test series. All the questions are from recent MCQs of JIPMER, AIIMS, NEET PG. The answers are referred from standard textbooks with an eagle’s eye. The questions are well researched and follow the lastest exam pattern and syllabus so that you can get an exact simulation of the target exam.

Subject wise and chapter wise tests are being planned to help you asses your strengths and weakness. You get your answers immediatley. You can compare your results with your peers.

With lots of paid Test Series available, we will work for better standards to help you with your preparation for FREE. Support our initiative and spread the word.

Here we provide you our first mock test on MEDICINE KIDNEY. Includes Image based questions also.

https://forms.gle/TfqNeBVHoUPxHYeK7

It contains recent MCQs with better explanations. You can also download the question paper from the link below.

All the Best!

Subscribe for the upcoming tests.

NEET PG 2021

What books to read for NEET PG exam?

Are you one among those Doctors who wish to upgrade your knowledge and life by getting into Post graduation? Then NEET PG is your way and this article will serve you as a guide.

Dont work hard; Work smart?

No

Put your hardword in working smart. Success is yours

Every year the number of students appearing for NEET PG is increasing, so is the competition. You have to compete with these many students for a few thousand seat for PG. Of course, you will need to work hard if you want to clear the entrance examination. But other than working hard, you need to strategically plan your time for studying. If you are dedicated and have your mind set to clearing this exam, then you will definitely do it.

NEET PG 2021 Preparation – Books Recommended

SubjectsBook Name
AnatomyArvind Arora or ACROSS or Rajesh Kaushal
PhysiologySoumen
BiochemistryRebecca James (best to my opinion)
PharmacologyGobind Rai
PathologySparsh Gupta or Devesh Mishra
MicrobiologyRachna Chaurasia
Forensic MedicineACROSS or Dr Gaurav Aggarwal or Arvind Arora
MedicineDeepak Marwah or Mudit Khanna
SurgeryPritesh Singh or  SRB
PSMVivek jain
Obs and GynaeSakshi Arora
ENTManisha Budhiraja or Ruchi Rai
OphthalmologyB Ram Gopal or Ruchi Rai
PediatricsTaruna Mehra
OrthopaedicsApurv Mehra
DermatologyProfs By Vivek Jain
AnesthesiaProfs By Vivek Jain
RadiologySumit Seth or Profs By Vivek Jain
PsychiatryProfs By Vivek Jain or Praveen Tripathi
Image BasedPHOTON

SOME TIPS:

  • Health is wealth.
  • Read regularly
  • Practice more questions
  • Make your own notes for difficult chapters
  • Apply “Pareto Principle” (80% of your results come from 20% of your efforts – So, concentrate on what to read.
  • Have good sleep. Sleep helps you to consolidate what you learn.

For more tips, Mail me.

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